היא צמח פרחים ממשפחת השיזנדרות המגיעות במקור מדרום סין, קוריאה, רוסיה ומספר מדינות באזור המזרח הרחוק.
ברפואה הסינית, נחשב הפרי, בשל ריבוי טעמיו, כמשפיע על כל האיברים הפנימיים.
לפי הרפואה הסינית מבחינים בין (Schisandra chinensis (Wu Wei Zi שהחלק שעושים בו שימוש הוא הפירות הבשלים ובין (Schisandra Sphenanthera (Nan Wu Wei Zi שבו משתמשים גם בעלים ובענפים. זני הצמח שונים במבנם המורפולוגי ובהרכבם. מונוגרף זה יתייחס רק לפירות ולזרעי הצמח Schisandra chinensis.
תוכן עניינים
צבעם של פירות השכיזנדרה אדום בוהק והם גדלים כאשכולות על צמח מטפס נשיר. מרבית המחקרים המודרניים אודות הצמח מגיעים ממדינות ברית המועצות לשעבר מהתקופה שלאחר מלחמת העולם השנייה, כאשר המשטר הסובייטי הורה לחקור את הצמח הסיני המכונה Limonnik בהשראת השימוש בו בשבט הננאי (Nanai), שבט של ציידים נוודים ממזרח המדינה שהשתמשו בצמח במסעותיהם כדי לשפר את ראיית הלילה וכדי להתגבר על רעב, צמא ותשישות, ולבחון את אפשרויות השימוש בו כ”מקור לחומצות אורגניות, שמנים אתריים וחומרים מחזקים”.
בשנות השישים של המאה הקודמת זכה הצמח למעמד רשמי ברפואה הממוסדת בברית המועצות לשעבר כטוניק, מפחית תיאבון ועייפות, מעכב תהליכי הזדקנות, מגביר חיוניות ומשפר את הבריאות המנטלית.
צבעם של פירות השכיזנדרה אדום בוהק והם גדלים כאשכולות על צמח מטפס נשיר. מרבית המחקרים המודרניים אודות הצמח מגיעים ממדינות ברית המועצות לשעבר מהתקופה שלאחר מלחמת העולם השנייה, כאשר המשטר הסובייטי הורה לחקור את הצמח הסיני המכונה Limonnik בהשראת השימוש בו בשבט הננאי (Nanai), שבט של ציידים נוודים ממזרח המדינה שהשתמשו בצמח במסעותיהם כדי לשפר את ראיית הלילה וכדי להתגבר על רעב, צמא ותשישות, ולבחון את אפשרויות השימוש בו כ”מקור לחומצות אורגניות, שמנים אתריים וחומרים מחזקים”.
בשנות השישים של המאה הקודמת זכה הצמח למעמד רשמי ברפואה הממוסדת בברית המועצות לשעבר כטוניק, מפחית תיאבון ועייפות, מעכב תהליכי הזדקנות, מגביר חיוניות ומשפר את הבריאות המנטלית.
רכיבים פעילים עיקריים
ליגנאנים* (כ- 4-19% ממשקל הפירות היבשים; ביניהם Deoxyschisandrin, Gomisin A , Schisandrin, Schisandrin B, Schisandrin C, γ-Schisandrin, Schisanthenol, Schisantherin A, Schisantherin B, Schisanchinins A–D, Schineolignans A–C, Schinlignins A and B), טריטרפנואידים (schindilactone A-C, pre-schisanartanes—schisanartanins A and B, bisnortriterpenoids), פנולים (chlorogenic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, salicylic, gentisic, syringic acids) פלבונואידים (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, quercetin), חומצות אורגניות (עד 18% ממשקל הפירות היבשים, ביניהם citrus, tartaric, malic, fumaric acids), פיטוסטרוֹלים (stigmasterol, β-sitosterol), שמן נדיף (3% מסך הצמח, כולל ססקוויטרפנים ומונוטרפנים:sesquicarene, bisabolene, ɑ-bergamotene, β-chamigrene, β-himachalene, ylangene, citral), פוליסכרידים ומונוסכרידים, מינרלים (סידן, מגנזיום, ברזל, מנגן, בורון, אבץ, כרום, ניקל, נחושת, קובלט), ויטמין C וויטמין E.
פעילות רפואית חיובית
אדפטוגן (טוניק),
מרגיע, משרה שינה
משקם ותומך במערכת העצבים,
נוֹגד דִיכאון,
נוֹגד חַרדה,
מווסת חיסון,
נוֹגד דַלקת,
מגן כבד,
ממריץ מרה והפרשתה,
משפר תפקוד כלי דם,
מווסת לחץ דם,
מגן/מחזק לב,
נוֹגד חִמצון,
מוריד רמות סוכר בדם (היפוגליקמי),
סוּכרת, הַשמנה ותסמונת מטבולית
מוריד רמות שומנים/כולסטרול בדם,
מגן כליות,
נוֹגד סַרטן,
מקדם אסטרוגן,
מאזן חומציות קיבה,
מעודד התחדשות רקמות,
מצמת,
נוֹגד זִיהום.
גיל המעבַר בנשים
פעילות אדפטוגנית
גַסטריטיס וכיבים פפטיים
שיפור תפקודי הראייה
הגנה על העור
פעילות אנטי מיקרוביאלית
מקורות מחקריים
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